Frequently asked questions
Everything you need to know about CSignum's electromagnetic field signalling technology and the EM-2 product family.
How does CSignum's technology work underwater?
CSignum uses patented Electromagnetic Field Signalling (EMFS) — low-frequency electromagnetic fields that propagate through water, ice, soil, rock and the water–air boundary. Unlike acoustic or optical systems, EMFS is unaffected by turbidity, biofouling or ambient noise.
What range can the EM-2 achieve?
EM-2 transfers data at distances up to 170 m (558 ft), extendable to 230 m (755 ft) depending on configuration and environment. The topside EM-2 gateway can be placed up to 100 m from the riverside.
What's the difference between EM-2, EM-2S and EM-2Q?
EM-2 is the core wireless link for through-water/ice/ground communication. EM-2S is purpose-built for ship-hull monitoring (deck-to-hull). EM-2Q is the water-quality monitoring solution integrating multiparameter sondes for rivers, reservoirs and coastal waters.
Does it work through ice?
Yes. EM-2Q enables continuous, real-time monitoring beneath ice cover — closing the seasonal data gap that forces traditional cabled systems offline for months each year.
Which sensors can it integrate with?
EM-2 integrates with industry-leading multiparameter sondes, ADCP and a range of sensor packs. It's designed for seamless integration with the instruments you already use.
Is it harmful to aquatic life?
No. The system is designed to be environmentally friendly and non-disruptive, with no adverse effects on aquatic life and minimal visual impact.
How is data delivered to us?
Data is transmitted wirelessly from submerged sensors to a topside gateway, then securely to the cloud or directly to water companies' SCADA systems. CSignum Cloud provides dashboards and analytics.
How quickly can a system be deployed?
Rapidly. The wireless architecture eliminates extensive civil engineering, simplifying landowner permissions and giving predictable deployment costs with consistent cost per site.
Still have a question?
Our engineers are happy to help scope your application.